A lot of army training is done in heavy boots, so maybe an army training forum might have the answer to your question.
I also like to jog/run, and have the same problem myself right now. I have a pair of winter boots, and have ran in them a bit, but have been concerned about picking up a consistent running habit with them. I have foot problems, and don't want to make them worse.
I have noticed that the material in highend and lowend running shoes is similar, and seems to be made of some cheap foam rubber material for the soles. I have my doubts that expensive runners are any better for you then cheap runners. I have observed that some really shitty payless/budget running shoes seem to be made out of the same material as high end runners. I have owned expensive runners too. Merrels, northface, new balance, and nikes. the nikes were the only ones that seemed to boost my performance, cushion my feet noticeably, and hold up in all weather and use, and this was years ago. I think the quality has probably gone down, as i have noticed the quality of all other products reduced over the past 10 years. I like to have one pair of shoes, especially when traveling, but it is important not to fuck up your feet, so i understand your question.
Is there anyway you can do a receipt scam, a shoe swap, or anything like that to acquire new shoes?
Compare materials, and see if you agree with my doubts that the highend shoes are actually studier, more shock absorbing and better for your feet than cheap shoes. I'm curious about your response.
Try running in your boots for a week, and see if you can create extra support with insoles or arch supports. I have found 1/4 " WOOL felt insoles to be more shock absorbing then products like doctor shoals.
I think it's worth a try to at least jog for a week , and see if you notice any pain or the beginning of damage. Check around at thrift stores too. You might be surprised at the quality you find.